Sains Malaysiana 53(8)(2024): 2003-2012

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5308-22

Kajian Histeresis Feroelektrik dan Pengutuban Dinamik bagi Seramik (Ba_1-xCax)(Zr_0.025Ti_0.975)O₃ dengan Penggantian Kecil Ca

(Ferroelectric Hysteresis and Dynamic Polarization Studies of Lower Ca-substituted (Ba_1-xCax)(Zr_0.025Ti_0.975)O₃ Ceramics)

NUR SOLEHAH ALI¹, NOR HUWAIDA JANIL @ JAMIL¹, NOR AMALINA AHMAD^1,2, MOHAMMAD HAFIZUDDIN HJ JUMALI^1,* & ZALITA ZAINUDDIN¹

¹Jabatan Fizik Gunaan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

²Pusat Pengajian Pra-Universiti, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

Received: 6 February 2024/Accepted: 24 June 2024

Abstrak

Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan penggantian kecil Ca terhadap sifat feroelektrik seramik (Ba_1-xCax)(Zr_0.025Ti_0.975)O₃ (BCZT). Seramik BCZT disediakan menggunakan kaedah tindak balas keadaan pepejal dan disinter pada suhu 1350 °C selama 2 jam. Analisis XRD menunjukkan semua seramik BCZT mempunyai fasa tunggal yang stabil dengan struktur hablur tetragon. Walaupun seramik Ba(Zr_0.025Ti_0.975)O3 (BZT) tulen (x = 0.000) menunjukkan ketumpatan tertinggi iaitu 98.0%, saiz butiran yang paling besar diperoleh bagi seramik BCZT dengan komposisi x = 0.025. Seramik BCZT dengan penggantian Ca yang terendah menunjukkan sifat piezoelektrik dan feroelektrik yang lebih baik berbanding seramik dengan kandungan Ca yang lebih tinggi. Ujian medan elektrik berulang menunjukkan kestabilan dinamik serta sifat kebangkitan bagi seramik BCZT dengan x = 0.025 dan 0.050.

Kata kunci: BaTiO₃ dan titanat; medan elektrik berulang; sifat piezoelektrik; tindak balas keadaan pepejal

Abstract

This research was conducted to study the effects of lower Ca substitution on the ferroelectric properties of (Ba_1-xCax)(Zr_0.025Ti_0.975)O₃ (BCZT) ceramics. BCZT ceramics were prepared using the solid-state reaction method and sintered at 1350 °C for 2 h. XRD analysis shows that all BCZT ceramics have a stable single phase with tetragonal crystal structure. Although pristine Ba(Zr_0.025Ti_0.975)O3 (BZT) ceramic (x = 0.000) displays the highest density of 98.0%, the largest grain size was obtained in BCZT ceramics with x = 0.025. BCZT ceramic with the lowest Ca substitution exhibits better piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties compared to ceramics with higher Ca contents. The repetitive electric fields test shows the dynamic stability and wake-up behavior for BCZT ceramics with x = 0.025 and 0.050.

Keywords: BaTiO₃ and titanates; piezoelectric properties; repetitive electric fields, solid state reaction

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*Corresponding author; email: hafizhj@ukm.edu.my